noun the draining away of water (or substances carried in it) from the surface of an area of land, a building or structure, etc.
In urban planning, runoff management is essential for sustainable development to prevent erosion and pollution in urban areas.
In environmental science, runoff refers to the flow of water over the ground surface, which can carry pollutants and contaminants into bodies of water.
In civil engineering, runoff is a key consideration in designing drainage systems to manage stormwater and prevent flooding.
In agriculture, runoff can result in the loss of nutrients from fields, impacting soil health and water quality.
In hydrology, runoff is a critical component of the water cycle, influencing streamflow and groundwater recharge.
In the context of a writer, runoff may refer to excess ink or toner that comes off during the printing process, or it may refer to excess water or liquid that flows off the page during a rainstorm in a scene description.
In the context of a psychologist, runoff may refer to the residual effects or consequences of a particular behavior or situation that continue to impact an individual's mental health or well-being.
In the context of an environmental scientist, runoff may refer to the flow of water over land surfaces, which can carry pollutants and contaminants into bodies of water, affecting water quality and ecosystem health.
In the context of a civil engineer, runoff may refer to the excess water that flows over impervious surfaces such as roads and parking lots, leading to issues such as flooding, erosion, and water pollution.