Geological Processes

noun a compound consisting of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms

• Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that is released into the atmosphere through various human activities.
• Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during photosynthesis.
• Dude, did you know that cars emit a ton of carbon dioxide into the air?
• His anger was like a cloud of carbon dioxide, suffocating everyone around him.

verb to calculate or estimate

adverb in an upward direction

preposition used to indicate movement in an upward direction

• The fishermen cast up their nets to see their catch of the day.
• I cast up my fishing line and hoped for a big catch.
• Let's cast up our bets and see who wins the game.
• The recent scandal has cast up many questions about the company's integrity.

noun a collapse or fall in of a structure or natural formation, typically caused by external pressure or force

verb to collapse or fall in, especially due to external pressure or force

• The structural engineer warned that heavy rainfall could cause a cave in on the construction site.
• I heard that the old mine shaft might cave in if they don't reinforce it soon.
• Dude, if you keep eating junk food, your stomach is gonna cave in!
• Under pressure from the media, the politician finally caved in and admitted to the scandal.

noun the transfer of heat by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas

adjective related to the process of convection

• Convection is the transfer of heat through a fluid, such as air or water, due to the movement of the fluid itself.
• The convection oven cooks food faster because it circulates the hot air around the food.
• My grandma's secret to making the best pie crust is using a convection oven.
• The convection of ideas within the team led to a breakthrough in our project.

verb moving slowly and quietly in a stealthy or cautious manner

• The creeping vine slowly made its way up the side of the building.
• I felt a creeping sense of unease as I walked down the dark alley.
• I hate when that creepy guy starts creeping on me at the bar.
• Doubt began creeping into her mind as she questioned her decision.

adjective relating to or characteristic of a cyclone, revolving or moving in a circular motion

• The cyclonic weather system caused widespread damage to the coastal region.
• Did you see that cyclonic storm last night? It was intense!
• Man, that cyclonic weather is no joke. Stay safe out there.
• The cyclonic emotions swirling inside her made it hard to think clearly.

verb to break down or rot; to decay

adjective having undergone decomposition; decayed

• The organic matter in the compost pile decomposed over time, turning into nutrient-rich soil.
• I left the fruit out for too long and now it's all decomposed and mushy.
• That old sandwich in my backpack has probably decomposed by now.
• The relationship between the two countries had decomposed beyond repair.

noun a formal written statement, typically taken from a witness under oath.

• The lawyer scheduled a deposition to gather evidence for the case.
• I have to give a deposition at the lawyer's office next week.
• I heard the deposition was a total snoozefest.
• The deposition of knowledge from the expert witness was crucial for the trial.

noun a downward movement or slope

verb to move or fall downward

• The helicopter began to descend slowly towards the landing pad.
• We should descend the stairs carefully to avoid tripping.
• Let's descend on the party and have a great time!
• As the sun started to set, a sense of calm seemed to descend upon the city.

noun ancestry or lineage

• The plane began its descent towards the airport.
• We started our descent down the mountain as the sun began to set.
• The party was lit, we were all on a wild descent into the night.
• His descent into madness was gradual, but unmistakable.

noun disintegrated or eroded matter

• The detritus found at the archaeological site provided valuable insights into the daily lives of ancient civilizations.
• I had to clean up all the detritus from last night's party before my parents got home.
• The beach was covered in detritus after the music festival, it was a total mess.
• His mind was cluttered with detritus of past regrets, making it hard for him to focus on the present.

verb to eject or throw out something forcefully, often in a vomit-like manner

• The company was ordered to disgorge all profits gained from the illegal activity.
• The restaurant had to disgorge all the spoiled food from the refrigerator.
• I felt like I was going to disgorge after that roller coaster ride.
• The volcano began to disgorge lava and ash, causing widespread destruction.

verb to move or force out of a usual or proper place or position

• The construction of the new highway will displace several families from their homes.
• The new mall is going to displace a lot of small businesses in the area.
• The new apartment complex is going to kick out a bunch of people and displace them.
• Her new role in the company will displace her from her comfort zone and challenge her skills.

noun A metal that can be drawn out into a thin wire.

adjective Capable of being drawn out into a thin wire or thread without breaking.

• The ductile metal was easily stretched into a thin wire.
• I was surprised by how ductile the clay was when I was sculpting.
• That ductile material is so easy to work with!
• Her ductile personality allowed her to adapt to any situation.

noun a sudden outburst of emotion or violence

• The chemical reaction caused an ebullition of the liquid in the beaker.
• The pot is boiling over with ebullition, be careful!
• The party was an ebullition of energy and excitement.
• Her emotions reached an ebullition, leading to a heated argument.

noun a circular movement of water, counter to a main current, causing a small whirlpool

verb to move in a circular way, creating a whirlpool

• The water in the river formed a swirling eddy as it flowed around the large rock.
• I watched the leaves get caught in the eddy of the stream as they floated by.
• Dude, did you see that sick eddy in the river? It was crazy!
• Her thoughts were like a whirlpool, swirling around in an eddy of confusion.

noun a place where something is located or situated

verb not applicable

adjective not applicable

adverb not applicable

pronoun not applicable

preposition not applicable

conjunction not applicable

interjection not applicable

article not applicable

• The emplacement of the new statue in the town square was carefully planned by the city council.
• I'm not sure about the emplacement of the couch in the living room, it feels a bit cramped.
• The emplacement of the party last night was off the hook!
• Her words found a permanent emplacement in his heart, never to be forgotten.

noun the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents

• The coastal erosion is a serious issue that requires immediate attention.
• The erosion of the beach is getting worse every year.
• Man, that erosion is eating away at the shoreline like crazy.
• The erosion of trust between them was evident in their strained conversations.

adjective relating to or characterized by eruption, especially volcanic eruption

• The volcano exhibited signs of impending eruptive activity.
• The volcano looked like it was about to blow its top.
• Dude, did you see that eruptive eruption last night?
• The heated argument between the two friends was eruptive and intense.

noun a forcible pulling or tearing out

• The dentist performed an evulsion of the patient's decayed tooth.
• I had to get an evulsion done on my tooth because it was causing me so much pain.
• I can't believe I had to go through an evulsion just because of a cavity!
• The evulsion of the old tree symbolized the end of an era for the town.

noun the flowing back of the tide from high to low water

conjunction used to connect two related ideas or actions

• The phenomenon of flux and reflux is a common occurrence in tidal movements.
• The tide goes in and out in a constant flux and reflux.
• The waves are doing their thing with all that flux and reflux stuff.
• In life, we often experience a flux and reflux of emotions as we navigate through different situations.

noun a type of metamorphic rock that has a banded or foliated appearance

• The gneiss rock formation in the mountains is a result of intense heat and pressure over millions of years.
• Check out the cool gneiss patterns on this rock, it's like nature's artwork!
• That gneiss rock is so rad, I want to take a selfie with it!
• Her personality is like a gneiss rock - strong, resilient, and beautiful in its own unique way.

adjective proceeding in small stages or gradual steps

adverb in a gradual manner

• The company implemented a gradual increase in prices to avoid shocking customers.
• I've been making gradual progress on my project, taking it one step at a time.
• I'm slowly but surely getting there, just taking it easy and making gradual moves.
• The sun's gradual descent behind the mountains marked the end of another day.

adjective characterized by intruding or tending to intrude

• The intrusive security measures at the airport are necessary for passenger safety.
• I find it intrusive when people ask me personal questions.
• Stop being so nosy and intrusive, mind your own business!
• His intrusive thoughts kept him up at night, causing anxiety and stress.

noun a swelling or enlargement, especially due to pressure from within

• The intumescence of the plant cells was due to the rapid uptake of water.
• The swelling of the plant cells was because they absorbed water quickly.
• The plant cells puffed up because they drank water so fast.
• The intumescence of the situation led to a burst of emotions.

verb the process of changing from a solid to a liquid state due to heat

• The polar ice caps are melting at an alarming rate due to global warming.
• I left my ice cream outside and it started melting in the sun.
• Dude, your popsicle is totally melting all over your hand!
• Her heart felt like it was melting when she saw the puppy's sad eyes.

adjective relating to or resembling a meteor in speed, brilliance, or transience

• The company experienced meteoric growth in the past year, doubling its revenue.
• Her rise to fame was meteoric, going from unknown to a household name in just a few months.
• That new artist's career is about to go meteoric once he drops his next album.
• The team's meteoric rise in the standings took everyone by surprise.

noun great mental or physical effort

verb work hard or toil

• The workers toiled and moiled under the scorching sun to complete the construction project on time.
• I've been moiling away at this assignment all night and I still can't figure it out.
• I'm moiling over what to wear to the party tonight.
• Her mind moiled with conflicting emotions as she tried to make a decision.

verb to filter gradually through a porous surface or substance

• The coffee slowly began to percolate in the glass carafe.
• I can feel ideas starting to percolate in my mind.
• Let's let that gossip percolate for a bit before spreading it around.
• The feeling of excitement started to percolate through the crowd as the concert began.

noun a type of coffee pot used to brew coffee by passing boiling water through ground coffee

• The percolator is an essential tool for brewing coffee in large quantities.
• I always use the percolator when I have guests over for brunch.
• My grandma's percolator makes the best coffee, hands down.
• Ideas percolate in my mind like coffee in a percolator, slowly brewing until they're ready to be shared.

verb to withdraw or move away from a place or situation

• The soldiers were retreating from the battlefield after suffering heavy casualties.
• The team decided to retreat when things started to go south.
• We booked it out of there once we saw the cops retreating.
• Her confidence was retreating as the interview went on.

verb to move in a circular orbit around a central point

• The Earth revolves around the Sun in a predictable orbit.
• I always feel like my thoughts revolve around the same topics.
• Her life seems to revolve around drama and gossip.
• The success of the project will revolve around effective communication and teamwork.

verb to make a liquid turbid or muddy by disturbing the sediment

adjective agitated or disturbed

adverb in a state of agitation or turmoil

• The political scandal roiled the entire nation.
• The news of the breakup roiled the gossip mill.
• The cheating scandal really roiled things up at school.
• Emotions roiled within her as she struggled to make a decision.

noun the process of liquid slowly leaking or oozing out of something

• The engineer identified seepage in the foundation of the building.
• There's some seepage coming through the cracks in the wall.
• I can't believe there's seepage in my basement, it's such a pain.
• The rumors began to seepage into every corner of the office.

verb to make or become solid, hard, or firm

• The company aims to solidify its position in the market by expanding its product line.
• I need to solidify my plans for the weekend before we make any reservations.
• Let's solidify our crew for the party tonight.
• Through hard work and dedication, she was able to solidify her reputation as a top performer in the industry.

adjective describing something that contains or is characteristic of sulfur

• The sulfurous smell coming from the volcano indicated an imminent eruption.
• I can't stand the sulfurous odor in this room, let's open a window.
• This place reeks of sulfurous fumes, it's gross.
• His sulfurous temper flared up at the slightest provocation.

verb to pass through or ooze out gradually

• The liquid began to transude through the porous material.
• I noticed water transuding from the leaky pipe.
• Dude, that sweat is totally transuding through your shirt.
• Her emotions transuded through her words, revealing her true feelings.

noun a furnace or oven used to process limestone to produce lime

• The historical limekiln was meticulously restored to its original state.
• Let's go explore the old limekiln down by the river.
• I heard there's some cool graffiti at the abandoned limekiln site.
• His anger burned like a limekiln, fierce and unrelenting.

noun a pleasant, earthy smell that frequently accompanies the first rain after a long period of warm, dry weather

• The petrichor in the air after a summer rain is a result of the release of oils from the earth.
• I love the smell of petrichor after a rainstorm, it's so refreshing.
• Dude, the petrichor outside is giving me life right now.
• The petrichor of nostalgia filled the room as she opened the old photo album.

adjective relating to or denoting a process or condition in which heat does not enter or leave the system concerned

• The adiabatic process is a thermodynamic process in which no heat is exchanged with the surroundings.
• The adiabatic cooling system in our office helps keep the temperature comfortable.
• I heard that adiabatic thingamajig is supposed to make our energy usage more efficient.
• Her emotions seemed to undergo an adiabatic change, remaining constant despite the chaos around her.

verb to remove something from a place by digging or excavating

adverb used to describe the action of digging out

• The archaeologists had to carefully dig out the ancient artifacts from the excavation site.
• I need to dig out my winter coat from the back of the closet.
• I'll help you dig out that old photo album from your messy room.
• It took me a while to dig out the truth from all the lies he had told me.

noun a rare medical condition characterized by abnormal development or function of the foot or feet

• The study of pederosis in psychology focuses on the development of children's sexual behavior.
• I heard that the new parenting book discusses pederosis and how to address it with your kids.
• Some people believe that talking about pederosis is taboo and should be avoided in conversations.
• The company's unethical practices can be seen as a form of pederosis towards its employees.

noun a process of extracting oil or gas from rock by injecting liquid at high pressure

verb to extract oil or gas from rock by injecting liquid at high pressure

• The company plans to frack the shale rock formation in order to extract natural gas.
• I heard they're going to frack in the field behind the old barn.
• They're gonna frack the heck out of that land for gas.
• His words seemed to frack through the tension in the room, breaking the silence.

noun a cow or other ungulate giving birth to a calf

verb to give birth to a calf

• The farmer observed the cows as they began to calve in the spring.
• The cows are going to calve soon, so we need to keep an eye on them.
• I heard that cow is about to calve any day now.
• The company is expected to calve off a new division next quarter.

adjective relating to or resulting from non-living factors

adverb in a manner that does not involve living organisms or their activities

• The minerals were formed abiotically through natural geological processes.
• The crystals just grew abiotically without any living organisms involved.
• The rocks were made abiotically, no living thing had a hand in it.
• Her creativity seemed to bloom abiotically, as if it came from a place beyond this world.

verb to remove or destroy tissue, such as by surgery or laser

adjective pertaining to the process of ablating

• The surgeon successfully performed an ablating procedure to remove the abnormal tissue.
• The doctor zapped away the bad stuff with ablating.
• They used some fancy tech to ablating that problem away.
• Her sharp words were like ablating the tension in the room.

verb to gradually accumulate or grow by adding more of the same substance or element

• Over time, the dust particles accreted to form a new planet.
• The rocks slowly accreted together to create a larger boulder.
• The group of friends accreted around the bonfire for a night of fun.
• Her knowledge accreted over the years, making her an expert in the field.

noun something that has been added by gradual growth or increase

• The process of accretion is essential in the formation of planets.
• The accretion of dust and gas is what eventually creates a planet.
• All that accretion stuff is what makes planets happen.
• Just like how a snowball grows in size through accretion, planets form through the same process.

noun a variety of tourmaline mineral that is colorless or very pale in color

• The achroite mineral is a type of tourmaline that is colorless and transparent.
• I found a cool achroite gemstone at the jewelry store.
• Check out this achroite rock I found while hiking!
• Her words were like achroite, pure and transparent, with no hidden meanings.

noun a process in which acid is used to stimulate the production of oil and gas from a well

• The process of acidization involves injecting acid into the well to dissolve minerals and improve the flow of oil or gas.
• After acidization, the well should see an increase in production due to improved permeability.
• They're planning to do some acidization on the well to boost its output.
• In a way, acidization is like giving the well a much-needed cleanse to remove any blockages.

verb to treat or mix with acid in order to change the chemical composition or properties

• The process of acidizing involves injecting acid into the well to improve production.
• They're going to acidize the well to try and get more oil out of it.
• I heard they're gonna acidize the well to boost the flow of oil.
• Sometimes you have to acidize your mindset to break through mental barriers.

noun a variety of feldspar that is typically pale yellow or green and is often found in hydrothermal veins

• The geologist identified the mineral in the rock sample as adularia.
• I found a cool looking rock with adularia in it.
• Check out this rad rock with adularia in it!
• Her smile was as radiant as the shimmering adularia crystal.

noun a mineral of the pyroxene group consisting of sodium iron silicate

• Aegirine is a mineral that is typically found in igneous rocks.
• I found a beautiful piece of aegirine while hiking in the mountains.
• That aegirine crystal is lit, bro!
• Her eyes sparkled like aegirine in the sunlight.

noun a flowing towards or accumulation of fluid in a part of the body

• The patient was diagnosed with an affluxion of blood to the head, causing severe headaches.
• I heard that Bob had an affluxion in his knee after playing basketball.
• I can't believe I have to deal with this affluxion in my back, it's so annoying.
• The sudden affluxion of emotions overwhelmed her as she listened to the heartfelt speech.

verb to convert or change into the form of agate

• The process of agatizing involves transforming agate into a more durable and vibrant form.
• I heard that if you agatize certain types of rocks, they can become really pretty and shiny.
• Let's agatize these dull stones and see if we can make some cool jewelry out of them.
• She had a way of agatizing even the most mundane tasks, making them seem more interesting and enjoyable.