Geological Vocabulary

adjective Belonging to the time before the biblical Flood; very old or old-fashioned

• The archaeologists discovered an antediluvian civilization buried beneath the desert sands.
• I can't believe how old that antediluvian car is!
• That movie theater is so antediluvian, they still use film projectors!
• Her ideas about gender roles are positively antediluvian.

noun a piece of furniture for sleep or rest

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• She meticulously made her bed every morning before starting her day.
• I love jumping on my bed when I'm feeling playful.
• Let's crash at my place and chill on the bed.
• The idea of starting a new business is like planting a seed in fertile bed.

verb to cover or hide something in the ground

preposition used to indicate location or position within something

• The treasure was buried in a secret location deep in the forest.
• I can't believe my keys were buried in the couch cushions this whole time.
• She's always buried in her phone, she never pays attention to anything else.
• His emotions were buried in a deep well of sorrow after the loss of his pet.

noun a stupid or dull person

• The farmer picked up a clod of dirt to examine the soil quality.
• I accidentally stepped on a clod of mud and got my shoe dirty.
• Don't be such a clod, you need to think before you act.
• His mind was like a clod, unable to grasp the complexity of the situation.

noun a person of roughly the same age as another

adjective of the same age or date of origin; contemporary

• The two artists were considered coevals in the art world, both achieving success at the same time.
• My coeval friend and I have known each other since we were kids.
• Those two are like, totally coevals, always hanging out together.
• The concept of time being coeval with space is a complex idea in philosophy.

adjective describing something that happens by chance or at the same time as something else

• The timing of their arrival was purely coincident with the start of the meeting.
• It was just coincident that we both ended up at the same restaurant last night.
• What a crazy coincident that we both got the same grade on the test!
• Their paths crossing was no mere coincident, but a sign of fate at work.

adjective existing in a person or thing from birth; innate; inborn

• The connate features of the plant species were studied in detail by the botanists.
• I heard that the connate leaves of this plant are unique and rare.
• Check out the connate petals on that flower, they look cool!
• The connate bond between the siblings was unbreakable, no matter what challenges they faced.

verb past tense of crack, which means to break or cause to break without complete separation of parts

adjective damaged or broken into pieces

• The scientist carefully examined the cracked glass slide under the microscope.
• I accidentally dropped my phone and now the screen is all cracked.
• I can't believe he cracked under pressure and told the truth.
• Her tough exterior finally cracked when she heard the news.

noun a cultivated plant that is grown as food, especially a grain, fruit, or vegetable

verb to cut or trim something out of a photograph or image

• When editing a photo, you can easily crop out any unwanted elements.
• Just crop out that person from the picture, they're ruining the shot.
• I'm going to crop out all the haters from my life.
• It's important to crop out negative thoughts and focus on the positive.

adjective describing something that is inactive or sleeping, not currently in use or showing signs of life

• The volcano has been dormant for centuries, but scientists are monitoring it closely.
• The project has been dormant for a while, but we're hoping to pick it up again soon.
• I used to be really into skateboarding, but now my board is just dormant in the garage.
• Her creativity lay dormant for years until she finally found inspiration again.

adjective describing something covered in dust or having a powdery texture

• The old library books were covered in a layer of dusty grime.
• I sneezed from all the dusty old furniture in the attic.
• I hate going into that abandoned house, it's so dusty in there.
• His memories of the past were like dusty old photographs, faded but still present.

verb to dig or remove earth from a site in order to uncover archaeological remains or other material

• Archaeologists plan to excavate the ancient ruins next month.
• We're going to dig up some cool stuff when we excavate the backyard.
• Let's go treasure hunting and excavate that old abandoned house.
• Through therapy, I was able to excavate my buried emotions and confront them.

noun the action of excavating something, especially an archaeological site

• The archaeologists conducted an excavation at the ancient site.
• They dug up some cool stuff during the excavation.
• The excavation was a real dig fest!
• The excavation of his past revealed some buried secrets.

verb to discharge or emit, as moisture or liquid through pores or small openings

• The flowers exude a sweet fragrance that fills the room.
• She always exudes confidence wherever she goes.
• The party exuded good vibes all night long.
• His artwork exudes emotion and depth.

verb to divide or branch off into two or more parts

• The river furcates into two smaller streams as it flows through the valley.
• The road furcates up ahead, so make sure you stay in the correct lane.
• I'm not sure which path to take, it's all furcated around here.
• The political debate furcated into two distinct viewpoints, making it difficult to find common ground.

adjective of a pale grayish or bluish-green color

• The glaucous hue of the ocean was mesmerizing under the clear sky.
• I love the glaucous color of the new car I just bought.
• Check out that glaucous graffiti on the wall!
• Her glaucous eyes reflected a deep sadness within her soul.

adjective a word that describes a noun or pronoun, in this case 'huge' describes the size or extent of something

• The company made a huge profit last quarter.
• That pizza slice is huge!
• I have a huge crush on that actor.
• The impact of the pandemic was huge on the economy.

noun a cut made in order to get inside something, especially a surgical cut in the body

• The surgeon made a precise incision along the patient's abdomen.
• The doctor cut a line in the patient's stomach.
• The doc sliced open the belly.
• Her words felt like a sharp incision into his heart.

adjective not capable of producing offspring, seeds, or fruit; sterile

• The couple discovered they were infertile after years of trying to conceive.
• She was devastated to find out she was infertile and couldn't have children.
• Some people think that eating certain foods can make you infertile.
• The barren land was infertile and unable to sustain any plant life.

adjective not able to be dissolved or solved

• The chemist discovered that the compound was insoluble in water.
• I tried to dissolve the tablet in water, but it turned out to be insoluble.
• That problem is totally insoluble, dude.
• The disagreement between the two parties seemed insoluble at first, but they eventually found a compromise.

noun A word that represents a person, place, thing, or idea.

adverb A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb, indicating the manner, place, time, or degree of the action or state being described.

• Long ago, the ancient civilization built magnificent structures that still stand today.
• Long ago, people used to believe in myths and legends.
• Long ago, folks were living the simple life without any technology.
• Long ago, before I discovered my passion, I was lost in a sea of uncertainty.

noun an instance of something happening or the fact of something existing

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• The occurrence of the rare disease puzzled medical researchers.
• Did you hear about the strange occurrence at the park last night?
• That occurrence was totally wild!
• The occurrence of her sudden departure left everyone in shock.

noun a quick, sharp bite or strike

verb to strike or bite with the beak or a similar instrument

• The chickens pecked at the grain scattered on the ground.
• I saw the birds pecking at the crumbs outside the bakery.
• Don't peck at me, I'll get to it when I can.
• Her constant criticism felt like a constant peck on my self-esteem.

adjective having a wrinkled or ridged surface

• The rugous texture of the rock formation indicated years of weathering and erosion.
• I love running my hands over the rugous surface of this old tree trunk.
• The skateboard park has some rugous ramps for doing tricks.
• His rugous personality made it difficult for others to get close to him.

noun a continuous deep, resonant sound

verb present participle of the verb 'rumble', which means to make a continuous deep, resonant sound

• The rumbling of thunder could be heard in the distance.
• I woke up to the rumbling of a passing train.
• The rumbling of my stomach told me it was time for lunch.
• The rumbling of discontent among the workers was growing louder.

adjective rough or scaly in texture, or morally scandalous

• The scientist presented a scabrous analysis of the data, highlighting several inconsistencies.
• I overheard a scabrous rumor about the new employee, but I'm not sure if it's true.
• The scabrous graffiti on the wall was quickly cleaned off by city workers.
• The scabrous relationship between the two countries showed no signs of improving.

noun a derogatory term used to refer to a person of Hispanic or Latin American descent

• The chef used a variety of spics to enhance the flavor of the dish.
• I love adding extra spic to my food for a little kick.
• This salsa has just the right amount of spic to make it addictive.
• His words had a certain spic to them, making his storytelling captivating.

noun a natural earth pigment containing iron oxide and manganese oxide, typically with a yellowish-brown color

adjective having a shade of color similar to that of umber; dark and reddish-brown

• The artist used a rich umber pigment to create depth in his painting.
• I love the warm umber color of your new sweater.
• Check out the cool umber tones in this graffiti art.
• The umber of the autumn leaves was a sight to behold.

verb to dig up or uncover something that was buried or hidden

• Archaeologists unearthed ancient artifacts at the excavation site.
• They unearthed some cool stuff while digging in the backyard.
• I can't believe they unearthed that juicy gossip about him!
• Through therapy, she was able to unearth buried emotions from her past.

verb to make something varied in appearance by adding different elements or colors

• The artist used different colors to variegate the painting, creating a visually striking composition.
• I like to variegate my outfits with colorful accessories to stand out.
• Let's variegate our weekend plans and try something new and exciting.
• Her emotions were variegated, ranging from joy to sorrow in a matter of minutes.

noun a pattern of spirals or concentric circles

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• The forensic expert examined the fingerprint whorl for identification purposes.
• I noticed a unique whorl pattern on the shell of the snail.
• Check out the cool whorl design on this new phone case!
• The dancers moved in a whorl of colorful costumes during the performance.

noun destruction or wreckage

verb to wreck or ruin

• The ship was left in a state of wrack after the storm.
• The beach was covered in wrack after the high tide.
• I can't believe how much wrack washed up on shore today.
• Her mind was in a state of wrack after the traumatic event.

noun A period of 365 days or 12 months

adjective relating to or characteristic of a particular year

• The company's revenue increased by 10% this year.
• I can't believe it's already been a year since we last saw each other.
• I've been working at this job for a whole year now.
• Time flies when you're having fun - it feels like just yesterday we were celebrating the new year.

verb to gradually accumulate or increase by a natural process

• The sediment gradually accretes at the bottom of the river, forming new land.
• Over time, the dust will accrete on the shelves if we don't clean them regularly.
• I heard she's been accreting a lot of followers on social media lately.
• His wealth continued to accrete over the years through smart investments.

adjective describing something that goes in all directions or angles

adverb in a manner that goes in all directions or angles

• The scientist explained the quaquaversal movement of pollen grains in plants during his lecture.
• I watched a cool video of a quaquaversal waterfall on social media.
• The skateboarder attempted a quaquaversal trick at the skate park.
• Her thoughts were all over the place, moving quaquaversal in her mind.

noun a person who studies or specializes in ichnology, the study of traces of organismal behavior such as footprints or burrows

• The ichnologist studied the footprints left by ancient creatures.
• My friend is an ichnologist and he loves discovering new animal tracks.
• I heard that ichnologists are like detectives of the animal world.
• As an ichnologist of human behavior, she could read people like an open book.

noun a mineral form of calcium carbonate, often used in the production of cement and as a building stone

• Calcite is a mineral made up of calcium carbonate and is commonly found in sedimentary rocks.
• Did you know that calcite is often used in the production of lime and cement?
• I heard that calcite is like nature's own glitter because of its sparkly appearance.
• The way calcite reflects light is like a mirror, showing us the beauty of nature.

verb to overlap or arrange in a regular, overlapping pattern

adjective arranged in a regular, overlapping pattern

• The imbricate pattern of the scales on the fish's skin provides protection against predators.
• I noticed the imbricate design on the tiles in the bathroom, it looks really nice.
• Check out the imbricate detailing on this jacket, it's so cool.
• The layers of lies began to imbricate, making it difficult to unravel the truth.

adjective coexisting or occurring in the same period of time

• The two events were coetaneous, occurring simultaneously.
• The movies came out at the same time, they were coetaneous.
• They were like twins, totally coetaneous.
• Their ideas were coetaneous, showing a strong connection between them.

noun a layer of cells in a plant that is actively separating or being separated from the plant body

• The absciss layer of a plant is responsible for the shedding of leaves.
• The absciss layer is like the plant's way of saying goodbye to its leaves.
• When the absciss layer kicks in, it's time for the leaves to peace out.
• Just like how the absciss layer lets go of leaves, sometimes we need to let go of things in our lives too.

noun a measurement of pressure relative to a perfect vacuum

• The absolute pressure of the gas inside the container is measured in pascals.
• You need to check the absolute pressure in the tires before going on a long drive.
• I have no idea what the absolute pressure is, but I'm sure it's important.
• The absolute pressure of deadlines at work is really stressing me out.

adjective having an affinity for acidic environments

• The acidophilic bacteria thrive in environments with high acidity levels.
• Those acidophilic organisms really love acidic conditions.
• The acid-loving bugs are all about that acidophilic life.
• Her acidophilic personality always shines through in stressful situations.

noun a mineral of the pyroxene group, consisting of a silicate of calcium and iron

• The geologist identified the mineral as acmite, a type of pyroxene mineral.
• I found a cool looking rock with acmite in it while hiking.
• Check out this sick acmite I found on my rock hunting trip!
• Her determination was as hard as acmite, unyielding to any obstacles in her path.

noun a region in which sound, especially from a distant or loud source, is noticeably diminished or absent due to obstacles or other sound-absorbing materials

• The tall building created an acoustic shadow, blocking the sound from reaching the park.
• I couldn't hear the music from the concert because of the acoustic shadow caused by the building.
• The sound got lost in the acoustic shadow of that massive structure.
• Her emotional turmoil cast an acoustic shadow over the entire family gathering.

noun a green mineral of the amphibole group consisting of calcium, magnesium, and iron silicate

adjective describing the green color or properties of actinolite

• Actinolite is a mineral belonging to the amphibole group.
• I found a cool piece of actinolite while hiking in the mountains.
• Check out this rad actinolite rock I scored at the gem show!
• The actinolite in her eyes reflected her inner strength and resilience.

verb to gather or accumulate gradually over time

• Over time, the company was able to acuminulate a substantial amount of data on consumer behavior.
• I've been trying to acuminulate enough points to redeem for a free coffee at my favorite cafe.
• I'm hoping to acuminulate enough cash to splurge on a new gaming console.
• She has managed to acuminulate a wealth of knowledge through years of experience in the industry.

adjective relating to or characteristic of seaweeds that grow in rounded tufts

• The aegagropilous algae were found in the shallow waters of the lake.
• I spotted some weird aegagropilous stuff floating in the water.
• That aegagropilous gunk is grossing me out.
• Her thoughts were like a tangled mess of aegagropilous algae.

noun a mineral group of pyroxene minerals

adjective describing the type of mineral

• Geologists have identified aegirine-augites as one of the minerals present in the rock sample.
• I learned about aegirine-augites in my geology class - they're pretty cool minerals.
• Check out these funky aegirine-augites I found while hiking!
• The aegirine-augites in her personality added depth and complexity to her character.

noun a type of meteorite that contains both nickel-iron and stony materials

• Scientists have recently discovered a new mineral called aerosiderite.
• Have you heard about that new mineral, aerosiderite?
• I heard aerosiderite is the latest craze among geology enthusiasts.
• Her beauty was as rare and captivating as aerosiderite.

noun a type of mineral or rock that is often used as a building material due to its light weight and insulating properties

• The agalite mineral is commonly used in the production of lightweight concrete.
• I found a cool agalite necklace at the flea market.
• Check out my new agalite earrings, they're so trendy!
• Her words were like agalite, strong and unyielding in their impact.