noun
a fragment of a material that has broken away from its main mass, typically as a result of decay or deterioration
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The engineer studied the spall patterns on the concrete wall to determine the cause of the damage.
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I noticed some spall marks on the old building, indicating its age and wear.
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The construction crew had to fix the spall in the foundation before continuing with the project.
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The relationship between the two countries began to spall as tensions rose.